Jurnal Ilmiah Manuntung: Sains Farmasi Dan Kesehatan

POTENSI EKSTRAK ETANOL 50% TERPURIFIKASI BIJI PINANG (Areca Catechu L.) SEBAGAI PENYEMBUH LUKA BAKAR

2025-12-12T06:38:57+00:00

Burns require effective therapy to accelerate healing and prevent complications. Areca nut (Areca catechu L.) extract contains secondary metabolite compounds that have wound healing activities, namely anti-inflammatory and antioxidant. The purpose of this study was to analyze the potential of the purification process of 50% ethanol extract of areca nut (Areca catechu L.) on the potential for wound healing in test animals. The method used in this study was an experimental method. The mice used in each group consisted of 5 mice, namely a negative control (vaselin flavum), a positive control (Bioplacenton®), and three treatment groups of areca nut extract of 2%, 4%, and 6% mixed with vaselin flavum ad 100%. Second-degree burns were treated topically every day for 21 days, with wound diameter measurements every three days and histopathological analysis on the 22nd day. The 6% extract gave the best results, with wound healing of 51.58%. Histopathology showed better epidermal regeneration, collagen formation, vascularization, and decreased inflammation in the treatment group. The results of the study showed that a 50% purified ethanol extract of areca nut seeds has potential as a burn healing agent. Statistically, a 6% extract was the best for burn healing (P<0.05).

KADAR FLAVONOID EKSTRAK ETANOL BUNGA TELANG (Clitoria ternatea L.) BERDASARKAN VARIASI KONSENTRASI PELARUT ETANOL

2025-12-12T06:38:57+00:00

Butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea L.) is a plant used for medicinal purposes, including therapeutic, cosmetic, nutritional, and beauty applications. Flavonoids, as secondary metabolites with diverse chemical structures in plants, perform various important functions. These functions include growth regulation, coloration, protection from UV rays, and roles in defense mechanisms and signaling systems with microorganisms. These compounds also have pharmacological effects as antidiabetics, antioxidants, and antibacterials. Solvent concentration plays an important role, as it can affect the amount of active compounds extracted from natural materials. The purpose of this study was to determine the flavonoid content in butterfly pea flower extracts using ethanol solvents at concentrations of 50%, 70%, and 95%. The results of phytochemical screening tests showed that all extracts contained secondary metabolites in the form of flavonoids. Other parameters analyzed included yield, moisture content, and flavonoid content from the three ethanol concentration variations. The yields obtained were 57.14%, 54.08%, and 40.72%, respectively, while the moisture content was 9.44 ± 2.17%, 8.99 ± 2.12%, and 7.75 ± 1.97%, respectively.
The highest flavonoid content was obtained in the extract with 95% ethanol solvent at 1.2939 ± 0.0880%, followed by 70% ethanol at 0.6958 ± 0.0573%, and 50% ethanol at 0.5811 ± 0.0142%. Statistical analysis using ANOVA showed that there were differences in flavonoid content between the ethanol concentration variation groups

EVALUASI PERESEPAN OBAT ANTIKOLESTEROL PADA PASIEN GERIATRI PERIODE JANUARI-FEBRUARI 2023

2025-12-12T06:38:57+00:00

Hypercholesterolemia is a disease that is a leading cause of total mortality in Indonesia as well as worldwide. The prevalence of hypercholesterolemia is approximately 45% globally, around 30% in Southeast Asia, 35% in Indonesia, and 37.7% in West Kalimantan. In the management of hypercholesterolemia, evaluation and prescription patterns are crucial to reduce the risk of errors in prescribing anti-cholesterol drugs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prescription of anti-cholesterol drugs in geriatric patients at Bhayangkara Anton Soedjarwo Hospital, Pontianak, during the period of January–February 2023. This study is a quantitative descriptive study using prescription data from outpatient geriatric patients receiving anti-hypercholesterolemia medication. The sample size was determined using the Lemeshow formula, resulting in 100 respondents selected through simple random sampling. The results showed that hypercholesterolemia patients were most prevalent in the 61–65-year age group, accounting for 22%, with females comprising 56%. The most frequently used anti-cholesterol drug was Atorvastatin (78%), with a dose of 20 mg, administered once daily in 98% of cases, and the most common comorbidity was heart disease (49%). The use of anti-cholesterol drugs was considered rational if it met the criteria of correct diagnosis, correct patient, correct disease indication, correct drug selection, and correct dosage, achieving a rationality rate of 100%. The study findings indicate that the most frequently prescribed anti-hypercholesterolemia drug was Atorvastatin, with rational prescribing practices observed in hypercholesterolemia patients.

ANALISIS EFEKTIVITAS PENGGUNAAN ANTIDEPRESAN TERHADAP KUALITAS HIDUP PASIEN DEPRESI DI KLINIK KEJIWAAN X BALIKPAPAN

2025-12-12T06:38:58+00:00

Depression is a medical disorder that can affect thoughts and disrupt psychological well-being, manifesting as feelings of sadness and loss of interest in life, which may impair an individual’s ability to carry out daily activities normally, and in the most severe conditions, depression can lead to suicidal thoughts or ideation. Depression symptoms can be managed using antidepressants, which help balance brain chemistry. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of antidepressant use on the quality of life of patients with depression at Mental Health Clinic X in Balikpapan. A one-group pre- and post-test design was used, involving 30 patients. Statistical analysis was conducted and presented descriptively. The results indicate that the antidepressant treatment used were not yet fully effective in significantly reducing depression levels, as most patients were still in the early stages of treatment (less than six months). However, the treatment showed considerable effectiveness in improving patients’ quality of life.

KOMBINASI MINYAK KULIT JERUK MANIS DAN PEPERMIN SEBAGAI PENGAROMA ALAMI PADA SEDIAAN DEODORAN KRIM: EVALUASI KARAKTERISTIK FISIK DAN IRITASI KULIT

2025-12-12T06:38:58+00:00

Sweet orange peel oil (MJ) and peppermint oil (MP) are essential oils. The MJ contained mainly limonene, while the MP contained mainly menthol. These compounds give MJ and MP their distinctive aromas but can also potentially cause skin irritation, especially when used in high concentrations. The purpose of this study was to observe the effect of adding a combination of essential oils (MJ and MP) at a concentration of 3% on the physical characteristics and skin irritation levels of cream deodorants. The ratios of MJ:MP added were 0:0 (F0), 100:0 (FA), 50:50 (FB), and 0:100 (FC). In the physical characteristic test, observations included pH, organoleptic, viscosity, and spreadability. In the irritation test, observations included erythema and edema on the skin of white rat. Based on the organoleptic test, it is known that F0 was odorless, FA had the aroma of MJ, FB had the aroma of MP with a little MJ, and FC had the aroma of MP. All four formulas were white in color and had a semi-solid consistency. They had a pH between 5.27-5.68. The formula with the highest pH was F0. All four formulas had a spreadability value between 5.20-5.53. These values ??were not significantly different. All four formulas had a viscosity value between 14,066-14,980 cP. These values ??were not significantly different. The results of skin irritation observations showed that all formulas had a primary irritation index score of 0. The study concluded that the ratio of MJ and MP affected the aroma and pH of the cream deodorant but did not affect the color, consistency, viscosity, and spreadability. None of the formulas causes skin irritation.

EVALUASI KRIM DENGAN VARIASI KONSENTRASI EKSTRAK BIJI LADA HITAM (Piper nigrum L.)

2025-12-12T06:38:59+00:00

Black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) is a medicinal plant that contains active compounds such as piperine, flavonoids, and essential oils, which are known to exhibit anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties. This study aims to evaluate the physical quality of cream formulations containing varying concentrations of 96% ethanol extract of black pepper seeds. A descriptive experimental method was employed, focusing on the assessment of organoleptic properties, homogeneity, pH, spreadability, adhesion, and viscosity over a four-week storage period. Four formulations were tested: F0 as a control without extract, F1 with 1% extract, F2 with 2%, and F3 with 3%. The evaluation results showed that all formulations met the required physical quality standards. The creams retained stable color and odor, demonstrated uniform ingredient distribution, and had pH values within the safe range for topical application (4.5–6.5). The spreadability and adhesion properties were within ideal criteria, and viscosity levels ranged between 2000 and 5000 cP, indicating suitable consistency. Among the tested formulations, F2 exhibited the most optimal performance in terms of physical stability and user comfort. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that black pepper seed extract is suitable for formulation into a topical cream preparation, with the 2% concentration showing promising potential for development as a natural-based, safe, and effective topical product.

HUBUNGAN TINGKAT KEPATUHAN BEROBAT TERHADAP KENDALI GLUKOSA DARAH PASIEN DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2 DI RUMAH SAKIT DIRGAHAYU SAMARINDA

2025-12-17T01:15:51+00:00

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by high blood glucose levels, with incidence rates continuing to rise worldwide, including in Samarinda City, which has the highest prevalence in East Kalimantan (3.04%). Patient adherence to drug therapy is an important factor in achieving successful blood glucose control and preventing complications. This study aimed to assess the level of adherence of outpatients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at Dirgahayu Samarinda Hospital to the use of antidiabetic drugs. This was a prospective study with a cross-sectional design involving 50 respondents with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Data were collected through the MMAS-8 adherence questionnaire and review of patient medical records. Data analysis was performed using statistical software with frequency distribution analysis and chi-square tests. The results showed that 23 respondents (46%) had high compliance, 17 respondents (34%) showed moderate compliance, and 10 respondents (20%) were in the low compliance category. No significant relationship was found between the level of compliance and blood glucose control (p = 0.249 > ? = 0.005). In conclusion, the level of patient compliance with treatment is not the only factor determining success in controlling blood glucose levels, as there are various other aspects that also play a role in influencing the stability of these glucose levels.

FORMULASI DAN UJI EVALUASI PASTA GIGI CANGKANG TELUR BEBEK YANG MENGANDUNG KALSIUM KARBONAT DENGAN VARIASI KONSENTRASI XANTHAN GUM

2025-12-17T01:16:30+00:00

Duck egg shells are an organic waste that is rich in calcium carbonate (CaCO?) and has the potential to be used as a natural abrasive in toothpaste preparations. This research aims to formulate toothpaste using duck eggshell powder as a source of calcium carbonate and evaluate the effect of varying concentrations of xanthan gum as a thickening agent on the physical quality of the resulting toothpaste. This research is experimental. Formulations are made with varying concentrations of xanthan gum, namely 0.5%, 1%, 1.5% and 2%. Evaluation of the preparation includes organoleptic tests, homogeneity, pH, viscosity, cycling test, stress test, long-term stability, and foam tests which are analyzed descriptively. The research results showed that all formulas produced toothpaste that met organoleptic, homogeneity and pH requirements (4.5–10.5). Increasing the concentration of xanthan gum affects viscosity. The formula with a xanthan gum concentration of 2% had the highest viscosity, while the formula with a concentration of 0.5% showed a lower viscosity. The foam test showed that the four formulas were able to produce foam with sufficient volume. In conclusion, formula 2 is a good, stable formula, and has the potential to be developed as a duck egg shell toothpaste preparation.

FORMULASI DAN UJI EVALUASI SEDIAAN SELF-NANOEMULSIFYING DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM (SNEDDS) DARI EKSTRAK METANOL AKAR PANDAN LAUT (PANDANUS ODORIFER)

2025-12-17T01:16:57+00:00

Background: Pandanus odorifer is a coastal plant in Southeast Asia with roots rich in bioactive compounds such as phenolics, flavonoids, saponins, and alkaloids. Limited solubility and bioavailability of lipophilic compounds hinder therapeutic effectiveness. Objective: To develop and evaluate Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System (SNEDDS) formulation from sea pandanus root methanol extract to enhance solubility and stability. Methods: Root extraction was performed using soxhlet method with methanol solvent. Six SNEDDS formulas were developed with variations of Tween 80/Tween 20 surfactant combinations and PEG 400/propylene glycol cosurfactants. Evaluation included simplicia characterization, organoleptic tests, creaming tests, pH and viscosity measurements, centrifugation, freeze-thaw stability, solubility, and droplet size analysis. Results: Extract yield reached 7.72% with simplicia characterization meeting pharmacopoeial standards. Formula F3 (Tween 80 21.4%, PEG 400 21.4%, VCO 4.75%, extract 5%) demonstrated optimal stability with pH 6.91±0.04, viscosity 253.33±11.55 cPs, HLB value 14.50, and average droplet size 530 nm. This formula maintained homogeneity throughout all stability tests without phase separation. Conclusion: SNEDDS from Pandanus odorifer root methanol extract formula F3 possesses physicochemical characteristics and stability suitable for nanoemulsion-based drug delivery systems.

ANALISIS FENOLIK DAN FLAVONOID DALAM EKSTRAK METANOL DAUN SUNGKAI (Peronema canescens Jack.) SECARA SPEKTROFOTOMETRI

2025-12-12T06:39:00+00:00

Sungkai (Peronema canescens Jack.) is an indigenous Indonesian plant traditionally used for the treatment of fever, enhancing immune function, and managing hypertension. This study aimed to determine the total phenolic and flavonoid contents of methanol extracts of Sungkai leaves using spectrophotometric analysis. Phenolic content was measured using the Folin–Ciocalteu reagent with gallic acid as the standard, while flavonoid content was quantified using quercetin as the reference compound. The results showed that the methanol extract of Sungkai leaves contained a total phenolic content of 255.760 ± 0.0146 mg GAE/g extract and a total flavonoid content of 52.014 ± 0.0301 mg QE/g extract. These findings indicate that Sungkai leaves represent a promising natural source of bioactive metabolites with potential health benefits.